2.02 Задание 11. Задание на понимание структурно-смысловых связей в прочитанном тексте

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State Darwin Museum 

Charles Darwin was an English naturalist. He found that all species of life A__________ and worded out the scientific theory. According to it, evolution happens because of a process that is called natural selection. The museum, like every prominent social and cultural event, has an individual initiative as its basis. The State Darwin Museum was B__________ and persuasion from A.F. Kots, a young Russian scientist who was very fond of Darwin. It was C__________ Higher Women’s Courses. It was the first museum of biological evolution and natural history in the world. Today the State Darwin Museum is D__________ three buildings with the total area more than 20 000 sq.m. There are more than 5,000 items occupying the three floors of the museum. One of the most impressive sections has dinosaur models, presented with a fabulous dinosaur soundtrack. The museum E__________ the living world. It has a large display, which shows the variety of wildlife on earth, with animals from all climatic zones from the North Pole to the South. One of the largest collections at the museum is the bird collection, which F__________ birds of paradise.

1. had evolved from common ancestors

2. built in Moscow in 1907, under pressure

3. showing most of the endangered species found in

4. the largest museum of natural science that occupies

5. established as an educational museum at the Moscow

6. presentsa complete scientific picture of the evolution of

7. consists of many exotic species, including hummingbirds and

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Wembley Stadium

Wembley Stadium connected by EE is the national stadium of England and the home of English football. With 90,000 seats, it is the largest sports venue in the UK A__________. Pelé named this magnificent venue “The Cathedral of Football”. Wembley Stadium (branded as “Wembley Stadium connected by EE for sponsorship reasons”) is internationally recognized B__________ the biggest events including UEFA Champions League Finals in 2011 and 2013, Gold medal matches at the 2012 Olympic Games, England internationals, Emirates FA Cup Finals, concerts and much more! The stadium continues to develop C__________ attract world class events and most recently include investment in a new pitch, LED floodlights, PA system and changing rooms. Wembley reopened its doors in 2007. The stadium was designed with rows of seats D__________ than in the original stadium and with better uninterrupted views. The stadium’s most striking feature is the 133-metre-tall arch that sits above the north side. With the diameter of 7,4 metres, the arch is wide enough for a Channel Tunnel train to run through. With the span of 315 metres, the arch is the longest single span roof structure in the world, E__________. A representative from every county in England was involved in the construction of the arch. The stadium bowl protects fans from bad weather with a sliding roof F__________.

1. and is visible right across London

2. that can be closed and reopened

3. that are higher and closer to the pitch

4. that are built in the best possible way

5. to maintain industry-leading facilities that

6. and the second-largest stadium in Europe

7. as an iconic, world-class venue that hosts

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Peter and Paul Fortress 

The Peter and Paul Fortress in St. Petersburg, located on small Hare Island, is the historic core of the city. The history of St. Petersburg begins with the history of the fortress. Since 1700 Russia had been fighting the Northern War against Sweden. By 1703 the lands by the Neva River were conquered. To protect them from the attacks of the Swedes it was necessary to build a strong outpost here. The fortress was founded on Hare Island 16 (27) May, 1703 by joint plan of Peter I and French engineer Joseph-Gaspard Lambert de Guerin. This day is well known A__________. The fortress stretches from west to east with six bastions B__________. The Peter’s Gate on the east side, C__________, has remained since the time of Peter I. The Peter and Paul Cathedral, D__________ emperors and the monument of Russian baroque, was completed after the death of the emperor, in 1733. The weathervane as a golden angel with a cross, E__________, is one of the main symbols of the city. On the opposite side of the cathedral, there is the Mint building, constructed in the time of Paul I by architect A. Porto. Coinage was moved to the fortress F__________ in the time of Peter I. The Peter and Paul Fortress has never directly participated in any fighting. From the very beginning of its existence it was used as a political prison. Since 1924 the Peter and Paul Fortress has been a part of the Museum of the History of St. Petersburg.

1. that are located at the corners

2. which was designed by D. Trezzini

3. as the most protected part of the city

4. which was the burial place of Russian

5. as the day of the birth of St. Petersburg

6. and reminding of the rich history of the city

7. which is located on the spire of the cathedral

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Sights of Sochi

Sochi is unique among other Russian cities because it has many aspects of a subtropical resort. Apart from the scenic Caucasus Mountains, pebble and sand beaches, the city attracts tourists with its vegetation, numerous parks, monuments, and extravagant architecture. About two million people visit Greater Sochi each summer, A__________. The famous Caucasian Biosphere Reserve, B__________, lies just north from the city. Popularity of Sochi among tourists is largely explained by the beauty of its surroundings. Walking along the river Agura, everyone will admire the nature around, C__________, and amazing waterfalls. From the bridge over the Agura opens a magnificent view to the lowest Agura waterfall. In the shady Agura gorge tourists will feel the gentle coolness, D__________. Akhun Mountain the biggest in the region has a beautiful tower on the top. The height of the tower is more than 30 metres, E__________ are stunning. The observation platform on the top of the tower gives a chance to take superb pictures of the city. Every year thousands of people visit this stone tower, F__________ the perfect view of the Black Sea coast and the Caucasus Mountains. It is a truly unforgettable experience. Tourists will enjoy visiting all the sights and the resort itself, full of exotic green and the boundless blue of the Black Sea.

1. and the views that open from it

2. which is built on the top to give visitors

3. when the subtropical resort is almost empty

4. which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site

5. enjoying the sound of birds singing and waterfalls gurgling

6. when the city is home to the annual film festival “Kinotavr”

7. including high cliffs, exotic vegetation, breathtaking canyons

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Cathedral of Christ the Saviour

This luxurious cathedral was completed in 1997 – just in time to celebrate Moscow’s 850th birthday. The cathedral’s sheer size and splendour guarantee its role A__________. Muscovites and the guests of Moscow can admire the beauty of this church in the city centre today. The shining gold domes are spectacular to look at from outside and even more impressive inside. The Cathedral of Christ the Saviour is located on the bank of the river on the site of an earlier and similar church of the same name, B__________ Russia’s victory over Napoleon. The Cathedral replicates its predecessor in many ways. Frescoes around the main gallery depict scenes from the War of 1812, C__________. The original church was destroyed in 1931, during Stalin’s hard times of the religion’s decay. His plan to replace the church with a 315-metre-high Palace of Soviets never got off the ground – literally. Instead, for 50 years the site had served another important purpose. It had been used D__________. The original cathedral was built on a hill, which has been levelled since then. The contemporary cathedral has been constructed on a wide base, E__________ Church of Transfiguration. This groundlevel chapel contains the unique old icon Christ Not Painted by Hand by Yevgraf Sorokin, F__________ the original cathedral.

1. as the world’s largest swimming pool

2. as a grand landmark of Russia’s capital

3. which was quite miraculously saved from

4. when the restoration work on the site began

5. which contains the smaller, but not less stunning

6. while marble plaques remember its participants

7. which was built in the 19th century to commemorate

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Burns Night

Each year Scottish people across the world celebrate a unique dinner known as “Burns Night”. This is A__________ called Robert Burns. Traditionally it happens on his birthday, the 25th January. Scotland can be very dark and cold at this time of year, so it’s B__________ with friends and family. Burns is still an important figure in Scotland and even though he died in 1796 at the age of 37, he was recently voted “The Greatest Scot”. His birthday has become as important as Scotland’s national day, St Andrew’s Day. The idea for C__________ soon after his death, and these days is actually quite a complicated affair. To start people are sat down at the table and the host reads a poem called “The Selkirk Grace”. It’s normally done in a Scottish dialect which even English people find difficult to understand. Although Burns probably didn't actually write this, he is known D__________. Next, soup is served. The highlight though is listening to a bagpiper playing as the main course of haggis arrives. Haggis is a special dish made from a mixture of sheep heart, lung and liver and oats, which is a bit like a giant sausage and surprisingly tasty. So tasty in fact that Robert Burns wrote E__________. After dinner there’s a speaker, who may recite more poetry and a toast is made to the memory of Robert Burns. Next F__________ about ladies and a female guest replies with a funny speech about men. Throughout the rest of the night there is even more of Burns’ poetry.

1. to have read it at a dinner

2. the next course is served which is

3. a male guest makes a funny speech

4. to remember a famous Scottish poet

5. an excellent reason to enjoy a large dinner

6. a poem about it called ‘Address to a Haggis’

7. a dinner started over two hundred years ago

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Going green 

Green buildings. Green energy. Green cleaning. Once upon a time, green was just another colour in your crayon box. It was also a word A__________. In recent years, “green” has become the universal word for all environmentally friendly things. The happy hum of a washing machine, B__________ are some of the soothing sounds of home. And there are times when these appliances are running all at once at your place. But as C__________ pollution. The more energy your home consumes, the harder power plants have to work, and the more pollution enters the environment. As a resident of a fragile planet, you do want to do your part to help the environment. So you recycle, you use D__________ and you never let the water run while you’re brushing your teeth. But as you do your part to protect the environment, it’s important E__________ can also improve your health. For example, reducing carbon dioxide emissions can be achieved in many ways, and can benefit your health. By deciding to use your bike or walk to work, you benefit both F__________. You reduce your fossil fuel consumption and increase leisure-time physical activity and connect with others. So, don’t hesitate and go green whenever you can.

1. to keep in mind that living green

2. your health and the local environment

3. biking, walking or working from home

4. public transportation whenever you can

5. clothes dryer, dishwasher and refrigerator

6. the neighbour used to describe your garden

7. your electricity usage goes up, so does the air

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Saint Petersburg

A city of palaces and museums, broad avenues and narrow canals, St. Petersburg’s short history is rich in architectural and artistic treasures. Alongside world-famous attractions such as the Hermitage and St. Isaac’s Cathedral, the city has a lot of equally interesting buildings A__________. St. Petersburg is considered to be Russia’s cultural capital. It reflects the country’s extraordinary fate like no other city. St. Petersburg is a relatively young city, by both Russian and European standards, as B__________. Despite its short life, the city has a rich history. From the early days of Peter the Great to modern times, the city has always bustled with life and intrigue. Lying across the delta of the Neva River, St. Petersburg, the Venice of the North, is a city C__________, some of which are well-known for their unique history. Bridges are an essential part of the city’s architectural make-up. Among the city’s over 500 bridges, there are numerous technological masterpieces. The centre of the city offers vast areas of green space, D__________. St. Petersburg is a beautiful and fascinating holiday destination and one E__________. Whether to visit the city in a romantic and snowy Russian winter F__________, visitors will be spellbound by St. Petersburg’s culture and beauty.

1. that is built on hundreds of islands

2. or during the dazzling white nights in summer

3. it was only founded in 1703 by Tsar Peter the Great

4. or considering a variety of the trip accommodation offers

5. that reveal the mysterious and tragic genius of St. Petersburg

6. of the most intriguing and historically significant cities in Europe

7. including beautiful historic gardens and extensive leisure parks

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The wisteria tree 

Would you like to visit the colourful jungle from The Avatar movie? Then it’s high time A__________ in Tochigi, Japan. Its fairytale-like scenery is so beautiful and enigmatic, it almost seems unreal. The park is home to an ancient wisteria tree B__________ “the most beautiful in the world.” At around 160 years old, the massive tree is stunning when in full bloom. The vertical flowers hang so far down that they nearly touch the ground and create a purplish-pink cloud that floats above the grass. Human care helps to give Ashikaga’s wisteria tree its stunning appearance. Because of its age and the number of blooms, the tree branches are supported by metal beams C__________ an amazing flower umbrella. When the night falls, thousands of lights illuminate the tree and make the spectacle all the more awe-inspiring. With its fairytale feel, it’s no wonder that the tree D__________ around the world. In 2014, Ashikaga Flower Park was selected as the “World’s Dream Travel Destination” by CNN. If E__________, the best time of year to do so is from the middle of April to the middle of May. Though a trip to Japan might be out of the question right now, the Ashikaga Flower Park website should give you a taste of what it’s like to see the wisteria tree in all its glory. It also F__________ currently in bloom — including what they look like now.

1. that is often referred to as

2. has information about other flowers

3. you travelled to the Ashikaga Flower Park

4. you’d like to visit the wisteria tree yourself

5. we move our eyes across a variety of colours

6. has been a muse for landscape photographers

7. which stretch across more than 600 metres and form

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Tourism in Altai 

Hundreds of tourists come to Altai every year. The most popular kinds of activities are climbing, snowboarding and hiking around the legendary routes. Cycling, diving, rafting, kayaking, sailing, swimming and fishing are widely enjoyed as well. Many people come there for more passive relaxation, such as spa, and feasting their eyes upon the flower of maralnik, A__________, blossoming in spring. Eco tourists are often attracted by collecting healing herbs, horse riding and participating in cultural events, such as the famous “Votetno” in summer, B__________. Tourist season is in the full swing there usually in the summer. And there is no doubt that it is the perfect time for people C__________ different activities. In summer, one may do the full scope of season activities, from collecting herbs D__________ – all those kinds of hot season entertainment for tourists. Winter season begins in the region of Altai in December and ends in March. It is the perfect option E__________. Winter activities are skating and mountain skiing, riding Russian three horses (“troika”), driving snowmobiles and winter fishing. Everybody will find an entertainment to one’s taste. The most popular city for skiing is Belokurikha. Another original way of staying in Altai is housekeeping and taking care of one’s own house and animals. It is the best option for those F__________ of busy cities.

1. which is a kind of rhododendron

2. for celebrating winter holidays there

3. who prefer peaceful life to the noise

4. who would like to be involved in many

5. to climbing, sailing, rafting and fishing

6. and enjoy many traditional winter sports

7. which is a local festival at the end of July

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The life of Pi 

“The Life of Pi” published in 2001 is the third book by the Canadian author Yann Martel. It has A__________, won several prizes and been translated into forty-one languages. At the start of the book, we B__________ in India. His father owns the city zoo and the family home is in the zoo. When they aren’t at school, Pi and his brother help their father at the zoo and he learns a lot about animals. When Pi is sixteen, his parents decide to close the zoo and move to Canada. They travel by ship taking the animals with them. On the way, there is C__________. Sadly, Pi’s family and the sailors all die in the storm, but Pi lives and finds himself in a lifeboat with a hyena, zebra, orangutan and an enormous tiger. At first, Pi is scared of the animals and jumps into the ocean. Then he remembers there are sharks in the water and decides to climb back into the lifeboat. One by one, the animals in the lifeboat kill and eat each other, till only Pi and the tiger are left alive. Luckily for Pi, there is D__________, but he soon needs to start catching fish. He feeds the tiger to stop it killing and eating him. He also uses a whistle and E__________ and show it that he’s the boss. Pi and the tiger spend 227 days in the lifeboat. They live through terrible storms and the burning heat of the Pacific sun. They are often hungry and ill. Finally, they arrive at the coast of Mexico, but you will have to F__________ in the end!

1. a terrible storm and the ship sinks

2. received an award for being strong

3. some food and water on the lifeboat

4. sold seven million copies worldwide

5. read the book to find out what happens

6. learn about Pi’s childhood in Pondicherry

7. his knowledge of animals to control the tiger

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Russian souvenirs 

Russia is famous for its diversity, as well as its hospitality. The best way to show Russia to someone is to bring home something special. Matryoshka and balalaika are quite stereotypical presents. There are many other goods A__________. Woolen shawls have always been popular in Russia because of cold winters. The shawls made in Pavlovsky Posad, B__________, are considered to be a traditional Russian gift. Woolen shawls and scarves have been made there since 1795. A wide shawl with a beautiful original pattern on it may be used like a blanket. It is nice to cover oneself up with it sitting in the armchair, watching a movie, C__________. The Pavlovsky Posad manufacture produces scarves for men as well. They can be bought through the Internet, or in brand stores, D__________. Belyovskaya pastila is a souvenir E__________. It has been made since the 19th century in the town of Belyov near Tula. This is a very special kind of Russian confection. Though it is called “pastila”, it is not a marshmallow style delicacy. Belyovskaya pastila is made of dried apples. After they have been dried, they are mixed with egg whites and sugar and whipped. Belyovskaya pastila is similar to a cake, F__________ of apples. It is considered to be a natural product, and it is not of average price. Tourists can buy this kind of sweet at some confectioner’s shops throughout Moscow.

1. although it has a slightly sour taste

2. reading a book, or drinking coffee or tea

3. riding a bike around the villages in Russia

4. that pleases the people with a sweet tooth

5. that one may buy in Moscow as a souvenir

6. which is a town not very far from Moscow

7. which are situated in the centre of Moscow

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Chinese tea house in Moscow

The bright building on Myasnitskaya Street in Moscow stands out among others and attracts the attention of passers-by with its non-typical elements for Russian architecture. The tea house resembles a Chinese pagoda and it is considered to be the real office of a company that was involved in tea trade. This house in the Chinese style was built for the tea merchant Sergei Vasilievich Perlov A__________ in order to establish his own business. He bought the land on Myasnitskaya Street in the centre of Moscow in 1875, B__________ in 1891. The construction was finished by 1893. The first floor was for Perlov’s tea shop, C__________ profitable apartments for rent and the host’s own family. The front side of the newly built house was redecorated in the Chinese style after several years. A little tower in the form of a pagoda appeared D__________ molded dragons, snakes, Chinese umbrellas and lanterns. Some materials for decoration were even brought directly from China. It was made before the visit of the Chinese Ambassador Li Hongzhang, E__________ Nikolai II and Alexandra Fyodorovna coronation. The merchant Perlov thought that it might be useful for his tea business F__________ at this house. He preferred the house of Perlov’s brother and competitor. But thanks to this case now there is a beautiful exotic building right in the city centre, as if it came right from another part of the world.

1. who was going to visit Moscow for

2. who left the family tea trade company

3. and the other two floors were used for

4. and began to build the new house on it

5. and the front side was decorated with

6. which was imported mainly from China

7. but the Ambassador did not in fact stay

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Russian food

Russian food is full of flavour and Russian cuisine is as diverse as the regions in the huge country. It may not be the first to come to mind A__________, but the country has plenty of delicious traditional dishes to try. Visitors to Russia are often surprised at the variety and flavors of Russian cuisine, which is influenced by Russia’s connection to Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. The most classic Russian recipes B__________, porridges, and stuffed dough. Sour cream accompanies many dishes. Russian food is famously heavy, filled with potatoes, mayonnaise, meat, and other delicious but not-too-healthy things. Yet, not all Russian food is a calorie bomb! There are C__________ also very healthy. If you’re watching your diet but D__________ food, the best one is borscht. Borscht is a beet soup that originated in Ukraine and was quickly adopted as a Russian specialty as well. This soup may taste strange, but E__________ you, as it is filled with cheap and healthy root vegetables like beets and carrots. It can be served with sour cream or yogurt and a sprinkle of fresh parsley on top. It takes quite a long time to make, but I do recommend making the stock from scratch instead of using store-bought. If you find that the stock is still lacking in flavour for whatever reason, F__________ the water.

1. when you think of a food destination

2. don’t hesitate to add a bouillon cube to

3. especially vegetable soups, pasta and stews

4. it is actually incredibly healthy and good for

5. are made of veggies and wheat, such as soups

6. still want to try some traditional Russian dinner

7. some dinner dishes which are not only delicious but

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Nevsky Prospect

Nevsky Prospect is the main and most famous street of St. Petersburg. The unique architectural ensemble of Nevsky Prospect was formed during the 18th – early 20th centuries. It starts from the bank of the Neva River, runs through the centre of the city and ends at the Neva River. The whole history of St. Petersburg can be seen in the history of the avenue. The length of Nevsky Prospect is 4.5 km, the width is 25-60 m. The narrowest section is located from the Admiralty to the Moika River, A__________. After the construction of the Admiralty in 1704 and the Alexander Nevsky Monastery in 1710, it was decided to build a road B__________ each other and with the Novgorod Path, which was used by Russian merchants. The construction began on both sides at the same time, the roads were laid through the wood, and in 1760s they were connected into one road, C__________, but with a turn at the Vosstaniya Square. Nevsky Prospect got its name only in 1783. The road was paved with cobble stones, D__________. It was the first street in St. Petersburg with gas lighting. By the early 20th century Nevsky Prospect had become the financial centre of Russia E__________ had their offices there. Nowadays, Nevsky Prospect is the centre of cultural and social life of St. Petersburg. There are museums, theatres, exhibition halls, cinemas, restaurants, cafés, shops F__________.

1. and hotels there or nearby the avenue

2. showing the original width of the avenue

3. which was not as straight as it was planned

4. which were built by famous architects and

5. connecting these two important structures with

6. and a few rows of trees were planted along the street

7. as the 40 largest banks of Russia, Europe and America

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Around Moscow

As one leaves Moscow, the fast-paced modern capital fades from view and the slower-paced, oldfashioned countryside unfolds around. The subtly changing landscape of the Moscow region is crossed by winding rivers and dotted with peasant villages. This is the classic provincial Russia, A__________ writers over the centuries. Ancient Russian towns and cities situated not far from Moscow are united in the Golden Ring. The towns are arranged in a circular pattern around the capital, forming a ring. These towns, B__________ Russian Orthodoxy, Pereslavl Zalessky, Rostov, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Ivanovo, Suzdal and Vladimir, were built between the 11th and 17th centuries. The Golden Ring area provides an excellent opportunity to view a typical old Russian town C__________ monasteries. Today, these towns are often known as open-air museums. The unique monuments of Russian architecture are kept and compiled there, reminding visitors of the dramatic events and different personalities of the past D__________. In Suzdal and Kostroma there are two interesting outdoor architectural museums – entire wooden villages E__________. All the towns of the Golden Ring have been well restored. Many of the buildings are now museums F__________ the country during their Golden Age, an age that lasted over four centuries.

1. that made up glorious Russian history

2. which was immortalized by artists and

3. that still keeps its Kremlin, churches and

4. that were built to represent old Russian life

5. whose contribution is internationally accepted

6. including Sergiev Posad, which is the centre of the

7. tracing the history of the area that was the centre of

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State Hermitage Museum

The Hermitage is St. Petersburg’s most popular visitor attraction, and one of the world’s largest and most prestigious museums. It is a must-see for all first-time travellers to the city. With over 3 million items in its collection, it also rewards repeat visits, A__________ of the riches on offer here, from Impressionist masterpieces to fascinating Oriental treasures. It was estimated B__________ on display for just one minute. So many visitors prefer a guided tour to ensure C__________ highlights. Art-lovers, however, may find it more rewarding to seek out for themselves the works D__________. The bulk of the Hermitage collection is housed in the Winter Palace, E__________. However, there are a number of other sites that constitute part of the Hermitage, including the recently opened Storage Facility in the north of St. Petersburg. It offers guided tours through some of the museum’s vast stocks. The magnificent General Staff Building opposite the Winter Palace is most famous for its central triumphal arch, F__________ Nevsky Prospekt. The General Staff Building contains a number of unique exhibitions. It includes the Modern European Art, probably the most visited section of the Hermitage with well-known collections of Picasso and Matisse, as well as a wealth of popular Impressionist paintings.

1. that they are particularly interested in

2. that they have time to catch all the collection’s

3. and new-comers can only hope to get a brief taste

4. which brings pedestrians out on to Palace Square from

5. that one would need eleven years to view each exhibit

6. which was the official residence of the Russian emperors

7. and the exhibition was often visited by military historians

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Kazan 

The exact date of Kazan foundation is unknown. According to the opinions of some historians, it was founded in the second half of the 13th century, but other specialists believe A__________. It is located on the banks of the Volga River. Since 1438 the city was the capital of Kazan Khanate, B__________ Russian tsar Ivan the Terrible. Nowadays, Kazan is the capital of the Tatarstan republic. Kazan is a large industrial centre of the region. It witnessed many important historical events. Kazan is a very interesting city from the architectural point of view. Here one can see old buildings, C__________ to the present day, for example, the Kremlin with different constructions, the Peter and Paul Cathedral, the Marjani Mosque. The Kazan Kremlin is definitely one of the most attractive places in the city. It is a unique mixture of historical and architectural monuments. The real fortress, with a history lasting through the ages, and its buildings absorbed pieces of Slavic and Turkic cultures, D__________ Muslim and Christian civilizations. On the territory of the Kazan Kremlin tourists will find a complex of old buildings, E__________, sandstone constructions of the 16–18th centuries, as well as some modern museums. Tourists will have a chance to visit a real fortress and feel a breath of ages while walking inside a unique historical monument, F__________ World Heritage Sites in 2000.

1. and in 1552 it was conquered by

2. that the city was founded in 1177

3. which have been carefully preserved

4. that the city has many tourist attractions

5. which were created in the 10-15th centuries

6. taking the best parts of urban planning from

7. which was included in the list of the UNESCO

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Polenovo

Polenovo is located away from the main transport links to the south-west of Moscow in Tula Region, close to its border with Kaluga Region. It is a surprisingly beautiful estate A__________. Vasily Polenov is one of Russia’s most renowned landscape painters of the 19th century, and like many Russian artists he had his own country estate, B__________. Polenov’s estate was originally known as Borok, and is located in beautiful surroundings close to the Oka River. It is worth visiting for this reason alone, C__________. At just two hours from Moscow, it is the perfect destination to escape the hustle and bustle of the capital and enjoy the Russian countryside. On the grounds of the estate there are several museums to visit. The main one is the Large House itself, which was built in 1892 D__________ when Vasily Polenov lived there. The smaller neighbouring building is known as the Abbey, which was used as a workshop, E__________ where the painter worked. After looking around the grounds of the estate, one can walk along the Oka River to the Trinity Church, which is located 1.5km north of the estate just past the village of Byokhovo. On the way visitors can enjoy the beautiful views of the Oka. The church was built between 1904 and 1905 according to a plan by Vasily Polenov himself F__________.

1. and tourists can visit its unique interior and see

2. that was designed and owned by Vasily Polenov

3. and has been carefully restored to how it looked

4. even if one has no interest in Polenov or his work

5. that were regularly invited to his hospitable house

6. which must have provided inspiration for his painting

7. and therefore should not be missed when visiting the estate

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Wonderful underwater life

The ocean graces more than 70 % of our planet, and millions of marine species call these waters home. Whether a person is a novice or an experienced snorkeller, there are plenty of places to witness enchanting underwater life. All one needs is a mask, snorkel and fins A__________. From sharing the sea with manta rays in the Maldives B__________ and being surrounded by colourful fish in the Caribbean, these are the best places to go snorkelling in the world. For brilliant marine life and eye-popping coral, there is nowhere better than the Great Barrier Reef. As the planet’s largest reef system, the Great Barrier Reef is made up of 2,900 individual reefs C__________. More than a thousand fish species, along with six species of sea turtles, inhabit the reef. Warming waters are causing the coral to bleach, and scientists predict D__________. Komodo National Park is another place to go to enjoy underwater beauty. It is centrally located in Indonesia. Established in 1980 to preserve the Komodo Dragon, the park became a UNESCO World Heritage site six years later. As one of five islands E__________, the park gets a lot of attention, but the surrounding waters can’t be overlooked. Having enjoyed protected status for more than 30 years, the reefs are thriving with a variety of exotic underwater life, F__________.

1. stretching nearly 1,400 miles off the shoreline

2. including over 1000 species of tropical fish

3. to experience the beauty of unique coral reefs

4. where one can see the unique lizard in the wild

5. to seeing humpback whales in the Dominican Republic

6. that the reef has become a popular tourist sight

7. that the reef may become extinct as soon as 2050